A reader's companion

House of Leaves

Mark Z. Danielewski, 2000 — Chapter XXII

Chapter XXII (pp. 522–525) — no spoilers past page 525
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I. Chapter XXII

A short chapter. Karen crosses into the darkness to save Navidson. Zampanò gathers the critics; Karen's own words come from one brief interview.

522

“Truth transcends the telling.” — Ino (epigraph)

realrepresentation

The epigraph is credited to “Ino”. In Greek myth Ino was a mortal woman who became the sea goddess Leucothea; she gave the drowning Odysseus her veil to keep him afloat.

The line says the truth is more than any account of it, and prepares the chapter's doubt about what really happened.

In the book
XXII Truth transcends the telling.
522

transcends verb

Goes beyond the limits of something.

In the book
XXII Truth transcends the telling.
522

halogen adjective

Of a bright type of lamp that uses halogen gas; a strong white light.

In the book
A few minutes later, she returns with a halogen flashlight and steps toward the edge.
522 fn 419–420

Hanan Jabara and Carlos Ellsberg: did Karen hear something?

inventedunreliable source

Two invented critics in invented journals (Acoustic Lens; Ouija) debate why Karen stops at the edge. Jabara says she heard a sound; Ellsberg agrees but says the sound is imagined — the mind forcing meaning onto the abyss.

The Hi 8 tape records no sound at all.

In the book
A few minutes later, she returns with a halogen flashlight and steps toward the edge. Hanan Jabara suggests Karen heard something, though there is nothing even remotely like a sound on the Hi 8.*!?
522

qualifies (a statement) verb

Adds a condition that limits or softens what was said.

In the book
Only he qualifies this statement by adding, “the sound is obviously imagined.
522

abyss noun

A very deep or bottomless space.

In the book
Another example of how the mind, any mind, consistently seeks to impose itself upon the abyss.””420 As everyone knows, Karen stands there on the brink for several minutes, pointing her flashlight into the darkness and calling out for Navidson.*?!
522

brink noun

The very edge of a steep drop.

In the book
Another example of how the mind, any mind, consistently seeks to impose itself upon the abyss.””420 As everyone knows, Karen stands there on the brink for several minutes, pointing her flashlight into the darkness and calling out for Navidson.*?!
522 fn 422

Paul Auster, “Ribbons”

real writer, invented piece

Paul Auster (1947–2024) was a real American novelist known for stories about chance and identity (The New York Trilogy). The book credits him with an invented inner monologue for Karen as she steps in.

The pink ribbon in Karen's hair recurs through the film.

In the book
Karen’s action inspired Paul Auster to conjure up a short internal monologue tracing the directions of her thoughts.42?
522

conjure verb

Call up or create as if by magic; here, invent in the mind.

In the book
Karen’s action inspired Paul Auster to conjure up a short internal monologue tracing the directions of her thoughts.42?
522

monologue noun

A long speech or stream of thought by one person.

In the book
Karen’s action inspired Paul Auster to conjure up a short internal monologue tracing the directions of her thoughts.42?
522 fn 423

Donna Tartt, “Please, Please, Please Me”, Spin

real writer, invented piece

Donna Tartt (born 1963) is a real American novelist (The Secret History); Spin is a real music magazine. The invented piece rewrites the ending so that Karen leaves and marries a rich publisher. The title echoes the Beatles song “Please Please Me.”

In the book
Karen’s action inspired Paul Auster to conjure up a short internal monologue tracing the directions of her thoughts.42? Donna Tartt also wrote an inventive portrayal of Karen’s dilemma.
522

purportedly adverb

As is claimed, though it may not be true.

In the book
Except in Tartt’s version, instead of stepping into darkness, Karen returns to New York and marries a wealthy magazine publisher.423 Purportedly there even exists an opera based on The Navidson Record, written from Karen’s perspective, with this last step into the void serving as the subject for the final aria.
522

The Navidson Record opera; the final aria

invented

Zampanò claims an opera exists based on the film, sung from Karen's view, with her last step into the void as the closing aria. Like the critics, it is one more retelling of a moment no camera fully shows.

In the book
… York and marries a wealthy magazine publisher.423 Purportedly there even exists an opera based on The Navidson Record, written from Karen’s perspective, with this last step into the void serving as the subject for the final aria.
522

aria noun (music)

A solo song in an opera.

In the book
… marries a wealthy magazine publisher.423 Purportedly there even exists an opera based on The Navidson Record, written from Karen’s perspective, with this last step into the void serving as the subject for the final aria.
522

catalyst noun

Something that causes or speeds up a change.

In the book
Whatever ultimately allows Karen to overcome her fears, there is little doubt her love for Navidson is the primary catalyst.
522

molestation noun

Sexual abuse or harmful interference with a person.

In the book
Her desire to embrace him as she has never done before defeats the memories of that dark well, the molestations carried out by a stepfather or whatever shadows her childhood truly conceals.
522

restorative adjective

Having the power to bring back health or strength.

In the book
In this moment, she displays the restorative power 419Hanan Jabara’s “Hearing Things.”
522

solipsistic adjective

Treating the self as the only real thing; shut inside one's own mind.

In the book
420Carlos Ellsberg's “The Solipsistic Seance.”
522

seance noun

A meeting to try to speak with the dead.

In the book
420Carlos Ellsberg's “The Solipsistic Seance.”
522 fn 421

Merlecker and Bob Finch, “Starlight, Starbright…”, Byte

real magazine, invented article

Byte was a real computing magazine; the study and authors are invented. They conclude the “star” once caught on film in the dark was only Karen's halogen flashlight. The title plays on the children's rhyme “Star light, star bright.”

In the book
42) Though it may be obvious, recent studies carried out by Merlecker and Finch finally confirmed the “high probability” that the “star Navidson caught on film was none other than Karen’s halogen.
523

Erich Fromm; “symbiotic relationships”

real

Erich Fromm (1900–1980) was a German-American psychoanalyst and social thinker (The Art of Loving). He used the idea of “symbiotic” bonds, where two people join in an unhealthy or a healthy way.

Zampanò says Karen's love for Navidson gives her the courage to cross.

In the book
of what Erich Fromm terms the development of “symbiotic relationships” through personal courage.
523

symbiotic adjective

Of a close bond between two living things or people; here, a deep mutual dependence.

In the book
of what Erich Fromm terms the development of “symbiotic relationships” through personal courage.
523 fn 424

Guyon Keller, Cineaste; Karen's films

real magazine, invented critic

An invented critic in the real film journal Cineaste. Keller argues Karen could cross only after making her two short films, What Some Have Thought and A Brief History Of Who I Love: by learning to see Navidson she began to see herself.

In the book
Critic Guyon Keller argues that the role of vision is integral to Karen’s success: I believe Karen could never have crossed that line had she not first made those two remarkable cinematic moments: What Some Have Thought …
523

integral adjective

Necessary and central to the whole.

In the book
Critic Guyon Keller argues that the role of vision is integral to Karen’s success: I believe Karen could never have crossed that line had she not first made those two remarkable cinematic moments: What Some Have Thought and A Brief History Of Who I Love.
523

esteemed adjective

Highly respected.

In the book
By relearning to see Navidson, she saw what he wasn’t and consequently began to see herself much more clearly.424 Esteemed Italian translator Sophia Blynn takes Keller’s comments a little further: The most important light Karen carried into that place was the memory of Navidson.
523 fn 425

Sophia Blynn, Washingtonian: Navidson's last word

real magazine, invented criticecho

An invented translator in the real magazine Washingtonian. Blynn argues Navidson's dying word was not “care” or “careful” but the first sound of “Karen” — his only hope and meaning.

In the book
By relearning to see Navidson, she saw what he wasn’t and consequently began to see herself much more clearly.424 Esteemed Italian translator Sophia Blynn takes Keller’s comments a little further: The most important light Karen carried into that place was the memory of Navidson.
523

utterance noun

Something said; a spoken word or sound.

In the book
I believe this utterance is really just the first syllable of the very name on which his mind and heart had finally come to rest.
523

threshold noun

A doorway or the point of entering; a boundary that is crossed.

In the book
His only hope, his only meaning: “Karen,”425 Regardless of what finally enabled her to walk across that threshold, forty-nine minutes later a neighbor saw Karen crying on the front lawn, a pink ribbon in her hair, Navidson cradled in her lap.
523

cradled verb

Held gently, as one holds a baby.

In the book
… his only meaning: “Karen,”425 Regardless of what finally enabled her to walk across that threshold, forty-nine minutes later a neighbor saw Karen crying on the front lawn, a pink ribbon in her hair, Navidson cradled in her lap.
523

cardiopulmonary bypass noun (medicine)

A machine that takes over the work of the heart and lungs during surgery.

In the book
Lacking a cardiopulmonary bypass machine which could have pumped out Navidson’s cold blood and replaced it with warm oxygenated blood, doctors instead had to cut into Navidson’s abdominal cavity, insert catheters, and proceed to irrigate his internal organs …
523

abdominal cavity noun (anatomy)

The space inside the belly that holds the stomach and other organs.

In the book
Lacking a cardiopulmonary bypass machine which could have pumped out Navidson’s cold blood and replaced it with warm oxygenated blood, doctors instead had to cut into Navidson’s abdominal cavity, insert catheters, and proceed to irrigate his internal organs with warm fluid.
523

irrigate verb (medicine)

Wash or flush a body part with fluid.

In the book
Lacking a cardiopulmonary bypass machine which could have pumped out Navidson’s cold blood and replaced it with warm oxygenated blood, doctors instead had to cut into Navidson’s abdominal cavity, insert catheters, and proceed to irrigate his internal organs with warm fluid.
523

J wave noun (medicine)

A bump on a heart trace (EKG) often seen in very cold patients; also called the Osborn wave.

In the book
Though his core temperature rose to 85.3 degrees, the EKG continued to produce the peculiar J wave indicative of hypothermia.
523

Navidson's rescue: hypothermia, the J wave, frostbite

real medicine

Navidson's core temperature has fallen to 83.7°F. With no cardiopulmonary bypass machine, doctors warm his organs from inside with fluid; the heart trace shows the “J wave” (Osborn wave) typical of severe cold.

He lives, but frostbite takes his right hand, part of an ear, his left eye and patches of skin; his shattered hip is replaced and he needs a crutch.

In the book
Though his core temperature rose to 85.3 degrees, the EKG continued to produce the peculiar J wave indicative of hypothermia.
523

hypothermia noun (medicine)

A dangerous drop in body temperature.

In the book
Though his core temperature rose to 85.3 degrees, the EKG continued to produce the peculiar J wave indicative of hypothermia.
523

saline noun (medicine)

A salt-and-water solution given through a drip.

In the book
Still more liters of saline were added to the IV.
523

frostbite noun

Injury to the body caused by freezing; the flesh can die.

In the book
As hours slipped into weeks, Navidson began to recover, but the price he paid for living was not cheap. Frostbite claimed his right hand and clipped the top portion of one ear.
523

inexplicably adverb

In a way that cannot be explained.

In the book
Furthermore his hip had inexplicably shattered and had to be replaced.
524

hyperventilating verb

Breathing too fast and deeply, often from panic.

In the book
I started hyperventilating.
524 fn 426

The William & Mary interview; “It just dissolved”

mixedrepresentation

The only account of what happened inside comes from a short interview by a student journalist from the real College of William & Mary. Karen says she found Navidson curled and freezing, held him in the dark, and that the house simply “dissolved” into their own front yard.

When asked how that is possible, she gives no answer. A footnote from the Editors marks the rest of the interview “Missing.”

In the book
Karen: It just dissolved.
524

dissolved verb

Broke apart and disappeared, as sugar melts in water.

In the book
Karen: It just dissolved.
The summary of this chapter then shows on the contents page.
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