A reader's companion

House of Leaves

Mark Z. Danielewski, 2000 — Chapter XV

Chapter XV (pp. 353–369) — no spoilers past page 369
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I. What Some Have Thought (pp. 353–365)

Karen shows a short cut of the house footage to famous writers, scholars and artists. Most of the interviewees are real people; all their words here are invented.

Real people, invented words Almost every person Karen interviews is a real, well-known figure of the early 1990s. The interviews themselves are invented. Johnny (fn 328) says only Hofstadter and Paglia answered his letters, and both denied any link.
353 fn 322–324

Heinrich Heine (epigraph), quoted by Freud

real

Heine (1797–1856) was a German poet. The lines come from his cycle “Die Heimkehr” (The Homecoming) in Buch der Lieder. They mock a philosopher: “with his nightcaps and the rags of his dressing-gown he stops up the gaps in the structure of the world.”

Freud quoted these lines in The Interpretation of Dreams and in a 1908 letter to Jung. The footnotes play on who “he” is: “Heine?” then “Freud. — Ed.”

In the book
XV Mit seinen Nachtmiitzen und Schlafrockfetzen Stopft er die Liicken des Weltenbaus. — Heine???
353

Central Park; the war in the Persian Gulf

real

Karen speaks from a bench in New York's Central Park in February. The Gulf War (January–February 1991) fixes the date; the world's big events “hardly seem to matter here”.

In the book
Karen Green sits on a park bench in Central Park.
353

russet adjective

Reddish-brown.

In the book
She wears a russet sweater and a black cashmere scarf.
353

deign verb

Do something as if it were a favour one is too important to do.

In the book
All around her we see people milling about, enjoying one of those sparkling February days New York City sometimes deigns to deliver.
353

abridgment noun

A shortened version of a work.

In the book
More than likely, an eight minute version of Karen’s abridgment became the second short now known as “Exploration #4.”
353 fn 322

Kevin Stanley, “What Are You Gonna Do Now, Little Man?” (Vallombrosa Inc.)

invented

An invented book on grass-roots film distribution. It suggests that someone who received Karen's tape copied it, and that five minutes were cut before it spread as “Exploration #4”.

Vallombrosa is a real abbey in Tuscany, famous from Milton's Paradise Lost, where fallen angels lie “thick as autumnal leaves” in its brooks.

In the book
However, it remains a mystery who cut out five minutes (which must have included Holloway’s suicide) before distributing it. Kevin Stanley in “What Are You Gonna Do Now, Little Man?”
353

dupe noun (informal)

A duplicate, a copy.

In the book
… Man?” and Other Tales of Grass Roots Distribution (Cambridge: Vallombrosa Inc., 1994) points out how easy it would have been for one of the professors or authors who received a copy to make a dupe.
353

Mit seinen Nachtmützen… German

Heine: “With his nightcaps and the rags of his dressing-gown he stops up the gaps in the structure of the world.”

354

unsolicited adjective

Not asked for.

In the book
… to everyone | could think of too—professors, scientists, my therapist, village poets, even some of the famous people Navy knew. [Coughs again] Anne Rice, Stephen King, David Copperfield, and Stanley Kubrick actually responded to unsolicited copies of the video | sent them.
354

excise verb

Cut out a part.

In the book
Without further ado then, here is what everyone had to say about that house.?25 oooo0 A Partial Transcript Of What Some Have Thought by Karen Green» though, five minutes were excised, Stanley unconvincingly chalks up to Karen Green’s own ineptitude: “She simply must have misstated the length of the tape.”
354

chalk up to phrasal verb

Explain something as caused by.

In the book
Without further ado then, here is what everyone had to say about that house.?25 oooo0 A Partial Transcript Of What Some Have Thought by Karen Green» though, five minutes were excised, Stanley unconvincingly chalks up to Karen Green’s own ineptitude: “She simply must have misstated the length of the tape.”
354

ineptitude noun

Lack of skill.

In the book
… is what everyone had to say about that house.?25 oooo0 A Partial Transcript Of What Some Have Thought by Karen Green» though, five minutes were excised, Stanley unconvincingly chalks up to Karen Green’s own ineptitude: “She simply must have misstated the length of the tape.”
354 fn 327

Miramax, Bob Weinstein, the Cannes press junket

real company and person, invented quote

Miramax was a major independent film company run by the brothers Bob and Harvey Weinstein. A press junket is an event where journalists meet a film's makers. The quote about cutting Karen's piece from the wide release is invented.

In the book
However when Miramax put the film in wide release, What Some Have Thought was absent.
354 fn 327

press junket noun

A publicity event where journalists meet a film's stars and makers.

In the book
At a Cannes press junket, Bob Weinstein argued that the section was too selfreferential and too far from “the spine of the story” to justify its inclusion.
354 fn 325–326

Two blank names and a block of Xs

invented

The footnote leaves blank lines for two people who saw the hallway and made no comment; the rest is crossed out. Johnny says it was crossed out with something like black crayon and tar.

355

Leslie Stern, M.D.; a Chagall print; Elaine's

mixed

Stern, Karen's psychiatrist, seems invented. Marc Chagall (1887–1985) was a Russian-French painter of dreamlike scenes. Elaine's was a famous Manhattan restaurant where writers and celebrities ate, and a table was hard to get.

In the book
Leslie Stern, M.D.
355

requisite adjective

Required; expected as usual.

In the book
Well lit, Chagal print on the far wall, requisite couch.
355–360

Jennifer Antipala, architect and structural engineer

invented

An invented engineer who speaks very fast in St. Patrick's Cathedral. She asks practical questions: what ground could carry such a building, what the walls are made of, how the loads move. She finds the house a “structural impossibility”.

In the book
Trying to get a table at Elaine's is hard enough. [Pause] What do you think it means? Jennifer Antipala.
355

high-strung adjective

Nervous and easily upset.

In the book
Antipala: [Very high-strung; speaks very fast] The things that came to me, now | guess this is just the way my mind works or something, but the whole house prompted these questions, which | guess, like you …
355

slew noun (informal)

A large number.

In the book
Antipala: Oh god, a whole slew of them.
355

Soil bearing capacity: trap rock, shale, sandstone, clay

real engineering

Bearing capacity is how much weight the ground can carry before it fails. Hard volcanic “trap rock” carries far more than sedimentary shale or sandstone, and soft clay carries little.

In the book
Anything from what the soil bearing capacity of a place like that would have to be to, uh, say, well uh.
355

soil bearing capacity noun (engineering)

The largest load per area that the ground can carry safely.

In the book
Anything from what the soil bearing capacity of a place like that would have to be to, uh, say, well uh.
355

trap rock noun (geology)

Dark, hard volcanic rock such as basalt.

In the book
That’s a very complicated question. | mean, look “massive rock” like trap rock for instance can stand up to 1000 metric tons per square meter while sedimentary rock, like hard shale or sandstone for instance, will crumble with anything over 150 metric tons per square meter.
355

sedimentary rock noun (geology)

Rock formed from layers of sand, mud or shells pressed together.

In the book
That’s a very complicated question. | mean, look “massive rock” like trap rock for instance can stand up to 1000 metric tons per square meter while sedimentary rock, like hard shale or sandstone for instance, will crumble with anything over 150 metric tons per square meter.
355–356

Douglas R. Hofstadter

real

Hofstadter (born 1945) is an American cognitive scientist at Indiana University. His book Gödel, Escher, Bach (1979) links mathematics, the art of M. C. Escher, Bach's music and self-reference, with dialogues between Achilles and the Tortoise.

Here he talks at a piano, as fits the book.

In the book
… surrounded by space, then its mass is still great enough it’s gonna have a lot of gravity, driving it all inward, and what kind of material then at its core could support all that? Douglas R. Hofstadter.
355

Philip K. Dick, Arthur C. Clarke, William Gibson, Alfred Bester, Robert Heinlein

real

Five major science-fiction writers. Hofstadter says they all “love this stuff”: worlds where space and reality do not behave.

In the book
Hofstadter: Philip K. Dick, Arthur C. Clarke, William Gibson, Alfred Bester, Robert Heinlein, they all love this stuff.
356

Bach's Little Harmonic Labyrinth

reallabyrinth

A short organ piece (BWV 591) long credited to J. S. Bach, which wanders through distant keys before it comes home. Hofstadter used it as the title and model of a dialogue in Gödel, Escher, Bach.

In the book
expedition, reminded me of Bach's Little Harmonic Labyrinth.
356

modulation noun (music)

A change from one key to another in a piece of music.

In the book
Some of the thematic modulations, | mean.
356

Zeno's arrow; Achilles and the tortoise; Escher

real

Zeno of Elea (5th century BC) made paradoxes about motion. The version Hofstadter explains, halving the distance forever so the arrow never arrives, is the “dichotomy” paradox; Achilles who never catches the tortoise is a close relative.

M. C. Escher (1898–1972) drew impossible buildings and endless stairs. All three fit a house that is bigger inside than outside.

In the book
Achilles and the tortoise, Escher, Zeno’s arrow.
356

staff paper noun

Paper printed with five-line staves for writing music.

In the book
Hofstadter: [illustrating on a scrap of staff paper] Oh it’s very simple.
356

Byron Baleworth, British playwright

invented

An invented playwright who talks at La Fortuna café and flirts with Karen at the Plaza Athénée hotel (a real luxury hotel). He calls the house a “semiotic dilemma” and says the monster “needs work”.

He quotes “another famous British playwright” on St. Sebastian dying of heartburn; the joke turns the martyr killed by arrows into a comic death.

In the book
Well the fun starts when you realize you can keep dividing up space forever, paring it down into smaller and smaller fractions until . . . well, the arrow never reaches B. Byron Baleworth.
356

semiotic adjective

About signs and symbols and how they make meaning.

In the book
You've created a semiotic dilemma.
356–357

Andrew Ross

real

Andrew Ross (born 1956) is a Scottish-born scholar of cultural studies, then at Princeton. He works out with a medicine ball and calls the monster “purely American”: edgeless, a mean House Keeper who keeps the house empty.

In the book
For Pete’s sake, is that thing on?! Andrew Ross.
356

pare down verb

Make smaller by cutting away bit by bit.

357

crepe noun

Thin crinkled fabric, black crepe being the cloth of mourning.

In the book
Quite a few Brits you know still prefer their ghosts decked in crepe and cobweb, candelabra in one hand.
357

compendium noun

A collection of many different things in one.

In the book
Edgeless for one thing, something a compendium of diverse cultures definitely requires.
357

nutso adjective (slang)

Crazy.

In the book
It's a maid gone absolutely nutso.
357

load-bearing wall noun (engineering)

A wall that holds up the weight of the building above it.

In the book
Antipala: And what about the walls? Load-bearing?
357

dead load; live load nouns (engineering)

Dead load: the fixed weight of the structure. Live load: changing weight and forces such as people, wind and earthquakes.

In the book
And I’m thinking right now of the shifting that goes on, so that means we're not talking dead loads, which means a fixed mass, but live loads which must deal with wind, earthquakes and variance of motion within the structure.
357

Wind pressure, dead loads and live loads

real engineering

Antipala's formula is roughly the real one for wind pressure: half the air density times wind speed squared, times shape and gust factors. Dead loads are the fixed weight of a building; live loads change (people, wind, earthquakes).

In the book
… something like, uh, oh yeah, P equals one half beta times V squared times C times G, uh, uh, uh, that’s it, that’s it, yeah that’s it, or something like that, where P is wind pressure on the structure’s surface .
357

axial; lateral forces nouns (engineering)

Forces along the length of a member (axial) or from the side (lateral).

In the book
… yeah that’s it, or something like that, where P is wind pressure on the structure’s surface . . . or do | have to go someplace else, look at wall bending or wall stresses, axial and lateral forces, but if we’re not talking wind, what from then and how?
357–358

Camille Paglia

real

Paglia (born 1947) is an American critic known for bold claims about sex and culture. Her book Sexual Personae (1990) came out in paperback from Vintage in 1991.

Here she reads the house as the “feminine void” and speaks of “womb envy”, and she flirts with Karen at the Bowery Bar.

In the book
So | start looking for another angle. [Moves closer to Karen] Camille Paglia.
357

“a Strangelove-ian phrase — its essence”

real

In Kubrick's film Dr. Strangelove (1964), a mad general fears for his “precious bodily fluids” and speaks of “purity of essence”. Paglia borrows the word to mock men's need to find the essence of the house.

In the book
They’re haunted by that infinite hollow and its sensemaking allure, and so they crave it, desire it, desire its end, its knowledge, its—to use here a Strangelove-ian phrase—its essence.
357

uterine adjective

Of the uterus (womb).

In the book
They lack the hollow, the uterine cavity, any 357
357

“how am I going to carry that weight?”

real song (echo)

The phrase echoes the Beatles song “Carry That Weight” on Abbey Road (1969). Antipala means it as an engineer.

358

incavation noun

A hollow; a hollowing (a rare word).

In the book
creative life-yielding physiological incavation.
358

Anne Rice; the Museum of Natural History; George Foreman; bats

real

Anne Rice (1941–2021) wrote Interview with the Vampire. She calls darkness only the absence of light. George Foreman was a heavyweight boxing champion. Bats find their way by echolocation, so light matters less to them than noise.

In the book
Are you busy this afternoon? Anne Rice.
358

retinal adjective

Of the retina, the light-sensitive layer in the eye; here, depending on sight.

In the book
It’s the absence of light, which is important to us because we are all retinal creatures who need light to move around, sustain ourselves and protect ourselves.
358–360

Harold Bloom, The Anxiety of Influence

real

Bloom (1930–2019) was an American literary critic. The Anxiety of Influence (1973) argues that poets fight the great poets before them; “Kenosis” (Greek, “emptying”) is one of his six moves by which a poet empties himself to break free.

He reads the empty house as the artist's way to escape all influence.

In the book
What matters more to a bat is whether or not FM frequencies are jamming its radar. Harold Bloom.
358

disarray noun

Disorder, mess.

In the book
General disarray.
358

Kierkegaard, Repetition

real

Søren Kierkegaard (1813–1855), Danish philosopher. His short book Repetition (1843) asks if one can live the same thing again. Bloom quotes it to lead into repetition in the house.

In the book
Bloom: My dear girl, Kierkegaard once wrote, “If the young man had believed in repetition, of what might he not been capable?
358

inwardness noun

Depth of inner, spiritual life.

In the book
What inwardness he might have attained.”
358 fn 329

Schemell, Absent Identification; Keplard, Maternal Intrusions; Exler, Our Father

invented

Three invented critics read the house as mother, womb or father. Keplard calls it an “unresolved Oedipal drama”: Freud's idea that a boy wants his mother and competes with his father. Exler rejects the mother reading.

The press names (Emunah, Nescience, Pavernockurnest) are invented; nescience means “not knowing”.

In the book
329Melissa Schemell in her book Absent Identification (London: Emunah Publishing Group, 1995), p.
358 fn 329

Oedipal adjective

Of Freud's Oedipus complex: a child's desire for one parent and rivalry with the other.

In the book
It represents the unresolved Oedipal drama which continually intrudes on his relationship with Karen.”
359

kenosis Greek

“Emptying”: in theology, Christ emptying himself; in Bloom, a poet's move to empty himself of a master's influence.

In the book
This is from the chapter on Kenosis: The unheimlich, or “unhomely” as the “uncanny,” is perceived wherever we are reminded of our inner tendency to yield to obsessive patterns of action.
359

unheimlich German

“Unhomely”: uncanny, strangely familiar and frightening.

In the book
This is from the chapter on Kenosis: The unheimlich, or “unhomely” as the “uncanny,” is perceived wherever we are reminded of our inner tendency to yield to obsessive patterns of action.
359

daemonic adjective

Driven by an inner force or spirit beyond control.

In the book
Overruling the pleasure principle, the daemonic in oneself yields to a “repetition compulsion.”
359

repetition compulsion noun (psychoanalysis)

An urge to repeat painful experiences or patterns again and again.

In the book
Overruling the pleasure principle, the daemonic in oneself yields to a “repetition compulsion.”
359

rendings noun

Acts of tearing apart.

In the book
A man and a woman meet, scarcely talk, enter into a covenant of mutual rendings; rehearse again what they find they have known together before, and yet there was no before.
359

Freud, “The Uncanny”; unheimlich; the repetition compulsion

realuncanny

In his 1919 essay “The Uncanny” Freud says the uncanny (unheimlich, “unhomely”) is something familiar that repression has made strange, and that it often comes with repetition. The repetition compulsion is the urge to repeat painful patterns beyond the pleasure principle.

In the book
A man and a woman meet, scarcely talk, enter into a covenant of mutual rendings; rehearse again what they find they have known together before, and yet there was no before. Freud, unheimlich here, in his insight, maintains that “every emotional affect, whatever its quality, is transformed by repression into morbid anxiety.”
359

morbid adjective

Unhealthy; linked to disease or death.

In the book
Freud, unheimlich here, in his insight, maintains that “every emotional affect, whatever its quality, is transformed by repression into morbid anxiety.”
359

Dante, Cicero, Milton, Nietzsche

real

Bloom's list: Dante's journey through Hell; a saying credited to the Roman orator Cicero, “A room without books is like a body without a soul”; Milton's abyss of Chaos before creation in Paradise Lost; and Nietzsche's world after the “death of God”.

In the book
A bit like Dante’s house after a good spring cleaning.
359 fn 330

The word “uncanny”; Shaftesbury, Murder's Gate; Anthony Vidler

mixed

Zampanò traces “uncanny” to Old English cunnan, “to know”: un-cann-y means “full of not knowing”. He cites the OED (Oxford English Dictionary), an invented book from the real publisher Verso, and a real study: Anthony Vidler's The Architectural Uncanny (MIT Press, 1992).

In the book
In the words of Perry Ivan Nathan Shaftesbury, author of Murder’s Gate: A Treatise On Love and Rage (London: Verso, 1996), p.
359 fn 330

inviolate adjective

Never harmed or broken; kept pure.

In the book
183: “It is therefore sacred, inviolate, forever preserved.
359 fn 330

preterite-present noun (linguistics)

A Germanic verb type whose present tense has the form of an old past tense (e.g. “can”).

360

obsidian noun/adjective

Black volcanic glass; very dark and smooth.

In the book
But that lightless fire leaving the walls permanently ashen and, to my eye, obsidian smooth is still nothing more than the artist's Procrustean way of combating influence: to create a featureless golem, a universal eclipse, Jacob’s angel, Mary’s Frankenstein, the great eradicator of all that is and ever …
360

Procrustean adjective

Forcing things to fit a fixed shape by violence, after Procrustes.

In the book
But that lightless fire leaving the walls permanently ashen and, to my eye, obsidian smooth is still nothing more than the artist's Procrustean way of combating influence: to create a featureless golem, a universal eclipse, Jacob’s angel, Mary’s Frankenstein, the great eradicator of all that is and ever was and thus through this trope succeed in securing …
360

golem noun

In Jewish legend, a clay figure brought to life by magic.

In the book
But that lightless fire leaving the walls permanently ashen and, to my eye, obsidian smooth is still nothing more than the artist's Procrustean way of combating influence: to create a featureless golem, a universal eclipse, Jacob’s angel, Mary’s Frankenstein, the great eradicator of all that is and ever was and thus through this trope succeed in securing poetic independence no matter how lonely, empty, and agonizing …
360

Procrustes, the golem, Jacob's angel, Mary's Frankenstein

real

Procrustes, in Greek myth, stretched or cut his guests to fit his bed. The golem is a clay figure brought to life in Jewish legend. Jacob wrestled all night with an angel (Genesis 32). Mary Shelley's Frankenstein made a creature.

Bloom calls the monster a featureless thing of this kind, made to wipe out everything before it.

In the book
… that lightless fire leaving the walls permanently ashen and, to my eye, obsidian smooth is still nothing more than the artist's Procrustean way of combating influence: to create a featureless golem, a universal eclipse, Jacob’s angel, Mary’s Frankenstein, the great eradicator of all that is and ever was and thus through this trope succeed in securing poetic independence no matter how lonely, empty, and agonizing the final result may be.
360

trope noun

A figure of speech or a common theme in writing.

In the book
… than the artist's Procrustean way of combating influence: to create a featureless golem, a universal eclipse, Jacob’s angel, Mary’s Frankenstein, the great eradicator of all that is and ever was and thus through this trope succeed in securing poetic independence no matter how lonely, empty, and agonizing the final result may be.
360

“A Poe t. 21 years old.”

mixed

A young poet who writes without capital letters and reads a short prose poem about being lost in the dark “on line”. The odd spacing “Poe t” recalls Edgar Allan Poe; readers also connect it with the singer Poe, the author's sister.

In the book
My dear girl, is it that you are so lonely that you had to create this? A Poe t. 21 years old.
360

Hofstadter's equation and “EMBED Equation”

real

The equation did not print: instead we see a Microsoft Word field code, “EMBED "Equation" \* mergeformat”, left when an embedded object fails. Hofstadter's idea: influence = 1/a, so with infinite influences it falls to zero, which he compares to the empty house.

In the book
Hofstadter: Similar to Zeno’s arrow, consider the following equation: 1/a =O EMBED "Equation" \* mergeformat 000 where 1/% = 0.
360

voilà French

“There it is!”

361

Stephen King and Ahab's whale

real

Stephen King (born 1947) is the American horror novelist. He says the white whale in Melville's Moby-Dick is a great symbol but “also just a whale”.

In the book
Stephen King.
361

shmimbols Yiddish-style joke

“Symbols shmimbols”: repeating a word with “shm-” mocks it as unimportant.

In the book
King: Symbols shmimbols.
361

Steve Wozniak at the Golden Gate Bridge

real

Wozniak (born 1950) co-founded Apple Computer and built its first computers. He compares the house to a program icon for a bridge (card) game: a symbol, and also just the thing itself. He later calls it a giant chip.

In the book
Steve Wozniak.
361, 365

Jacques Derrida at an Artaud exhibit

real

Derrida (1930–2004) was the French philosopher who founded deconstruction. His answer about “the other” is a parody of his difficult style. Antonin Artaud was a French writer and theatre theorist; a large Artaud drawings show opened in New York in 1996.

In the book
Despite its weight, its magnitude, its mass . . . in the end it adds up to nothing. [Moving away] Jacques Derrida.
361

Antipala's great buildings

real

Hadrian's Pantheon in Rome, Justinian's Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Abbot Suger's Saint-Denis (the first Gothic church), the hammerbeam roof of Westminster Hall by Hugh Herland, and Christopher Wren's dome of St Paul's in London.

Each sparks awe and still makes sense once one does the math. The house, she says, never does.

362

cohesion noun

The state of holding together as a unified whole.

In the book
There would be more cohesion.
362

Dante's hell in Tuscany; Young Goodman Brown in New England

real

Paglia answers Baleworth's “why Virginia?”: great stories place the supernatural in real local settings. Dante was from Florence in Tuscany; Hawthorne's story “Young Goodman Brown” (1835) sends a Puritan into a dark New England forest.

In the book
You should have asked him why Dante’s entrance to hell was in Tuscany?
362

pecker noun (slang)

Penis (vulgar).

In the book
Baleworth’s just jealous and besides he can’t write a screenplay to save his pecker.
362

make a pass at phrase

Make a sexual or romantic advance to someone.

In the book
Baleworth’s just jealous and besides he can’t write a screenplay to save his pecker. [Pause] And incidentally I’m not afraid to tell you that | did make a pass at you.
362

Walter Mosley at Fresh Kills

real

Mosley (born 1952) is an American crime novelist (the Easy Rawlins mysteries). Fresh Kills on Staten Island was then the world's largest landfill. He sees the house as a mystery with “plenty of clues but no solutions”.

In the book
So are you free this afternoon? Walter Mosley.
362

baffled adjective

Completely confused.

In the book
Strange, very strange. [He looks up, genuinely baffled] | don't know.
362

Siskel and Ebert

real

Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert were the most famous American TV film critics, known for “thumbs up / thumbs down”. Stern jokes about her own size (Ebert was heavy).

In the book
Stern: Im no Siskel and Ebert—though I've been called Ebert before.
362–363

Kiki Smith, figurative artist

real

Kiki Smith (born 1954) is an American artist known for sculptures of the human body and its insides. Fittingly she speaks in a hospital emergency room and talks about the “body-sense” of the house.

In the book
King: You didn’t make this up, did you? [Studying Karen] I'd like to see this house. Kiki Smith.
362

figurative artist noun

An artist who shows real people and things, not abstract forms.

In the book
Kiki Smith. Figurative Artist.
363

visceral adjective

Felt deeply in the body, not reasoned.

In the book
Down to the construction, the interior experience, the body-sense there, which—well gosh—what makes the whole thing so visceral, so authentic.
363

Hunter S. Thompson at Giants Stadium

real

Thompson (1937–2005) was the “gonzo” journalist of Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, famous for drugs and wild behaviour. The comedy is that he, of all people, tells Karen to stop taking acid.

In the book
Hunter S. Thompson.
363

bad trip noun (slang)

A frightening experience on a psychedelic drug.

In the book
What I'd call a bad trip.
363

acid; mescaline nouns (slang)

Psychedelic drugs: LSD and a drug from the peyote cactus.

In the book
What I'd call a bad trip. | never thought I'd hear myself say this but lady you need to lay off the acid, the mescaline, or whatever else you're snorting, inhaling, ingesting ..
363

rehab noun

A clinic for treatment of drug or alcohol addiction.

In the book
… a bad trip. | never thought I'd hear myself say this but lady you need to lay off the acid, the mescaline, or whatever else you're snorting, inhaling, ingesting .. . check yourself into rehab, something, anything because you’re gonna be in abad way if you don’t do something fast.
363

Stanley Kubrick (on-line)

real

Kubrick (1928–1999) directed 2001: A Space Odyssey and The Shining, and was known as a private man who rarely met the press. His typed review criticizes the poor image and sound but ends: “I'd say the whole thing really happened.”

In the book
Do you think | could spend the night at your place? Stanley Kubrick.
363

elision noun

The leaving out of a part.

In the book
The elision of many details contributes to insufficiently developed characters.
363

teeter verb

Move unsteadily, as if about to fall.

In the book
And finally the overall structure creaks and teeters, threatening at any minute to collapse.
364

David Copperfield and the Statue of Liberty

real

Copperfield (born 1956) is an American stage magician. In a famous 1983 TV illusion he made the Statue of Liberty “disappear”; here it vanishes behind him again. He calls the house a riddle.

In the book
David Copperfield.
364

levitation noun

Rising in the air with no visible support.

In the book
A levitation without wires.
364

“A horizontal eight”

real

Hofstadter's one-line answer: the infinity sign ∞ looks like an 8 lying on its side.

In the book
Hofstadter: A horizontal eight.
365 fn 331

Johnny: Thumper's call; the E ticket to “The Happiest Place On Earth”

real references in Johnny's note

At old Disneyland the “E ticket” gave entry to the best rides, so “E ticket” came to mean the best thrill; “The Happiest Place on Earth” is Disneyland's slogan.

Thumper, the stripper from the Shop days, invites him for dinner and he says no. Then the phone company cuts his line.

In the book
“Hey Johnny,” Thumper finally purred over the phone.
365 fn 331

aureola noun

Areola: the dark ring around a nipple (also “aureole”, a halo).

In the book
For a moment, I flashed on her body, imagining those beautiful round breasts with creamy brown aureolas, making saints out of nipples, her soft, full lips barely hiding her teeth, while in the deep of her eyes her Irish and Spanish heritage keep closing like oxygen and hydrogen, and will probably …

II. A Brief History Of Who I Love (pp. 366–369)

Karen's second short film: Navidson's life told through home movies and his own photographs.

366

strains noun

The sound of a piece of music.

In the book
So in the first black frame, what greets us is not sinister but blue: the strains of Charlie “Yardbird” Parker coaxing out of the darkness the precocious face of a seventeen year old Will Navidson.
366

Charlie “Yardbird” Parker

real

Parker (1920–1955) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, a founder of bebop. His music plays over the silent home movies of Navidson's childhood.

In the book
So in the first black frame, what greets us is not sinister but blue: the strains of Charlie “Yardbird” Parker coaxing out of the darkness the precocious face of a seventeen year old Will Navidson.
366

precocious adjective

Showing adult qualities at a young age.

In the book
So in the first black frame, what greets us is not sinister but blue: the strains of Charlie “Yardbird” Parker coaxing out of the darkness the precocious face of a seventeen year old Will Navidson.
366

Kodak home movies

real

Kodak made most amateur film stock. Old home film fades to yellow or red, and it is often grainy and badly exposed, as described here.

In the book
Piece after piece of old Kodak film, jerky, over exposed, under exposed, usually grainy, yellow or overly red, coalesce to form a rare glimpse of Navidson’s childhood—nicht allzu glatt und gekiinstelt.>32_ His father—drinking ice tea.
366

coalesce verb

Come together to form one whole.

In the book
Piece after piece of old Kodak film, jerky, over exposed, under exposed, usually grainy, yellow or overly red, coalesce to form a rare glimpse of Navidson’s childhood—nicht allzu glatt und gekiinstelt.>32_ His father—drinking ice tea.
366

archetype noun

A perfect, typical example of something.

In the book
Their golden retriever, the archetype for all home movie dogs, frolicking in the sprinklers, pouncing on the pale green hose as if it were a python, barking at Tom, then at their father, even though as its jaws snap …
366 fn 333

Erik Von Jarnlow, Summer's Salt

invented

An invented professor and book (Simon & Schuster is a real publisher). He speaks of the sadness in these fragments and the knowledge that comes with it.

In the book
As professor Erik Von Jarnlow poignantly remarked: I don’t think I’m alone in feeling the immutable sadness contained in these fragments.
366

immutable adjective

Unchangeable.

In the book
As professor Erik Von Jarnlow poignantly remarked: I don’t think I’m alone in feeling the immutable sadness contained in these fragments.
366 fn 331

cull verb

Gather or pick out; here, collect tips.

In the book
At least with such sorrow must come knowledge.333 account her daisy sunglasses, her tattoos, the dollars and fives she culls while draped around some silver pole hidden in some dark room in the shadow of the airport.
366

glitterati noun

Rich, famous and fashionable people (printed “gliterati”).

366

nicht allzu glatt und gekünstelt German

“Not overly polished or artificial.”

366 fn 332

“nicht allzu glatt und gekünstelt”

German phrase

German; the Editors translate it: “Not overly polished or artificial.” It describes the rough home movies.

367

trattoria Italian

A simple Italian restaurant.

In the book
People mattered most to him, whether soldiers, lepers, medics, or newlyweds eating dinner at a trattoria in Rome, or even a family of tailors swimming alone at some sandy cove north of Rio.
367

degradation noun

A state of shame, poverty or ruin.

In the book
The world around only mattered because people lived there and sometimes, in spite of the pain, tragedy, and degradation, even managed to triumph there.
367

faltering adjective

Hesitant, not strong.

In the book
Though Karen gives her piece the somewhat faltering title A Brief History Of Who I Love, the use of Navidson’s photos, many of them prize-winning, frequently permits the larger effects of the late 20 century to intrude.
367 fn 335

Gordon Burke, introduction to Will Navidson's Pieces (Harry N. Abrams)

real publisher, invented book

Harry N. Abrams is a real New York publisher of art and photography books. The collection and Burke's introduction are invented.

In the book
… her piece the somewhat faltering title A Brief History Of Who I Love, the use of Navidson’s photos, many of them prize-winning, frequently permits the larger effects of the late 20 century to intrude. Gordon Burke points out the emotional significance of this alignment between personal and cultural pasts: Not only do we appreciate Navidson more, we are inadvertently touched by the world at large, where other individuals, who have …
367

Navidson's photographs: Cambodia, Thailand, Israel, Angola

mixed

Real places of war and crisis in the late 20th century. Every one of Navidson's pictures has a person in it; he never shot empty scenery. The contrast with the empty house is clear.

In the book
… we appreciate Navidson more, we are inadvertently touched by the world at large, where other individuals, who have faced such terrible horrors, still manage to walk barefoot and burning from the grave.*35 Each of Navidson’s photographs consistently reveals how vehemently he despised life’s destruction and how desperately he sought to preserve its fleeting beauties, no matter the circumstances.
367

battle fatigues noun

Soldiers' field uniforms.

In the book
The first image—purportedly taken by a famous though now deceased photojournalist—shows him when he was a young soldier in South East Asia, dressed in battle fatigues, sitting on an ammunition crate with howitzer shell casings stacked on a nearby trunk marked “VALUABLES.”
367

howitzer noun

A type of artillery gun that fires shells in a high curve.

In the book
The first image—purportedly taken by a famous though now deceased photojournalist—shows him when he was a young soldier in South East Asia, dressed in battle fatigues, sitting on an ammunition crate with howitzer shell casings stacked on a nearby trunk marked “VALUABLES.”
367–368

The soldier sobbing beside the “VALUABLES” trunk; Super 8 in the snow

invented

Karen ends with two images of Navidson himself: a young soldier crying beside howitzer shell casings, and a Super 8 clip of him with the children in the snow. The Super 8 film is so overexposed that all three vanish in light.

In the book
… though now deceased photojournalist—shows him when he was a young soldier in South East Asia, dressed in battle fatigues, sitting on an ammunition crate with howitzer shell casings stacked on a nearby trunk marked “VALUABLES.”
367 fn 334

Melanie Proft Knightley, War's Children

real publisher, invented book

Zone Books is a real New York publisher; the book is invented. It says a weak heart kept Tom from the draft, while Navidson enlisted.

In the book
From this heart-wrenching portrait, Karen ever so gently dissolves to the last shot of her piece, actually a clip of Super 344According to Melanie Proft Knightley in War's Children (New York: Zone Books, 1994), p.
367 fn 334

draft noun

Compulsory military service; being called up.

In the book
110, a weak heart prevented Tom from getting drafted.
367 fn 334

enlist verb

Join the armed forces by choice.

In the book
Navidson had gone ahead and enlisted.
368

diligence noun

Careful and steady effort.

In the book
All three of them vanish in a burst of light. oooo0 The diligence, discipline, and time-consuming research required to fashion this short—there are easily over a hundred edits—allowed Karen for the first time to see Navidson as something other than her own personal fears and projections.
368

township noun

In South Africa, a poor urban area for black residents under apartheid.

In the book
While Navidson’s work has many remarkable images of individuals challenging fate, over a third captures the meaning of defeat—those seconds after an execution, the charred fingers found in the rubble of a bombed township, or the dull-blue look of eyes which in the final seconds of life could still not muster enough strength to close.
368

sonnet noun

A 14-line poem; here, a short, carefully shaped work.

In the book
In her filmic sonnet, Karen includes a shot of Navidson’s Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph.
368 fn 336

Kevin Carter's Pulitzer photograph of a Sudanese girl and a vulture

real

Kevin Carter was a South African photojournalist. His 1993 photo of a starving Sudanese child with a vulture behind her won the 1994 Pulitzer Prize and was also attacked as cruel; the St. Petersburg Times called the photographer “another vulture”. Carter took his own life in July 1994.

The Editors note that Navidson's prize photo is clearly based on it. On the back of Navidson's print, Karen finds one pencilled word: “Delial”.

In the book
As the world remembers, the renowned image shows a Sudanese child dying of starvation, too weak to move even though a vulture stalks her from behind.236 Not only does Karen spend twenty seconds on this picture, she then cuts to a ten second shot of the back of the print.
368

8,160 frames and 16mm

real

Sound film runs at 24 frames a second, so 8,160 frames are about 5 minutes 40 seconds, the “six minutes” of Karen's film. Zampanò sets this small, full, bright film against the endless empty house.

In the book
… on the lower right hand corner, until her subject finally becomes clear: there, almost lost amidst so much white, lie six faintly penciled in block letters cradled in quotes— “Delial” oo0o0 There are only 8,160 frames in Karen’s film and yet they serve as the perfect counterpoint to that infinite stretch of hallways, rooms and stairs.
368

counterpoint noun

A contrasting element that sets off another.

In the book
… there, almost lost amidst so much white, lie six faintly penciled in block letters cradled in quotes— “Delial” oo0o0 There are only 8,160 frames in Karen’s film and yet they serve as the perfect counterpoint to that infinite stretch of hallways, rooms and stairs.
368 fn 336

accolades noun

Praise and awards.

In the book
Carter enjoyed many accolades for the shot but was also accused of gross insensitivity.
369

liaison noun

A secret romantic relationship.

In the book
She stopped seeing Fowler, cut off questionable liaisons with other suitors, and while her mother talked of breaking up, selling the house, and settlements, Karen began to prepare herself for reconciliation.
369

reconciliation noun

Making peace again after a separation or quarrel.

In the book
She stopped seeing Fowler, cut off questionable liaisons with other suitors, and while her mother talked of breaking up, selling the house, and settlements, Karen began to prepare herself for reconciliation.
The summary of this chapter then shows on the contents page.
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